Ferroalloy Electric Furnace Production Method

Ferroalloy Electric Furnace Production Method

Electric furnace is the main method for smelting continuous cast steel | ferroalloys. The output of electric furnace ferroalloys accounts for more than 70% of the total output of ferroalloys.

Electric furnaces are mainly divided into ORE-HEATING furnaces and electric arc furnaces, also called refining furnaces. Ore reduction furnaces commonly used in electric furnaces for producing ferroalloys with carbon as the reducing agent are abbreviated as mineral heat furnaces.

Mixed raw materials are added to the furnace mouth during smelting, and the root electrode is buried in the charge, which is heated by electric arc and electric current through the charge. The production process is continuous by regularly discharging iron and slag at the tap.

According to the amount of slag produced by the product, the submerged arc furnace can be divided into two operations: Micro-slag method and slag method. Ferrosilicate, high-silicon ferrochromium used materials of high purity, with less impurity oxides, production without flux. Slag production during smelting is very small and is often called Micro-slag method. The main raw materials used in the production of Micro-slag method are silica, coke, and steel chips, and carbon ferrochromium used in the production of silicon chromium. Ferromanganese, ferrochromium, Silicon-manganese alloys, and other ores contain many impurity oxides and need to be slagged with flux. Therefore, the slag method is often called the slag method because the slag amount is large and exceeds the weight of the alloy. In addition to ores and reducing agents, fluxes are often added to the raw materials used in the slagging process.

High carbon alloys can only be obtained in the submerged arc furnaces due to the use of carbon-reducing agents (therefore, in addition to siliceous alloys). Ferrous alloys produced from silicon, mainly siliceous alloys (as reducing agents), are usually produced in electric arc furnaces, which are similar to steel-making electric arc furnaces.

Raw materials used in electric arc furnace production are mainly ores, including concentrates or purer oxides, (siliceous reducing agents and fluxes). The whole smelting process can be divided into arc striking, feeding, melting, refining, and iron tapping. The smelting process is completed by arc exothermy and silica oxidation reaction heat. The tapping time depends on the silicon content in the alloy and the production is intermittent.

At present, the main production varieties are medium and low carbon ferromanganese, medium and low carbon ferrochromium, micro-carbon ferrochromium, ferrovanadium, and some other alloys with low carbon content.

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