Electric Arc Furnace: New Technology of Electric Furnace Steelmaking

2021年6月16日星期三

New Technology of Electric Furnace Steelmaking

In steel production, the cost is the decisive factor, and it must be reduced to promote the development of electric furnace steel. Optimize the production process, strengthen the fine management and operation, start with optimizing the burden design, reducing the consumption of steel materials, adding alloy concentrates and reductant to achieve direct alloying and recycling of scrap steel slag, so as to pursue the lowest process cost and guarantee system cost.

In terms of optimizing the burden design, according to the steel grade requirements and market price changes, the ratio of scrap, molten iron, pig iron in each furnace, as well as the ratio of different types of scrap steel, is finely matched to achieve the optimal burden design. Consumption of steel materials is the largest item in the cost of electric furnaces, and reducing steel consumption is the key to reducing costs. Through strengthening management and fine operation, it has played an important role in reducing the cost of electric furnace steel.

Direct reduced iron is used as a substitute for steel scrap to supplement the deficiencies of steel scrap. With the advancement of industrial technology, users' requirements for steel quality and varieties have increased, and the proportion of electric furnace steel has increased, resulting in an increasingly tight supply of scrap steel, especially the raw materials required for the production of high-quality steel and pure steel; Controlling the content of non-ferrous metal inclusions and harmful elements in scrap steel is the basis for improving the quality of steel.

Direct reduced iron does not contain these impurity elements and few harmful elements. When used in electric furnace production, it can dilute harmful elements and significantly improve the quality of steel; adding direct reduced iron in electric furnace smelting can form carbon boiling and formation during the melting period. The foamed slag promotes the melting of the charge, reduces the nitrogen and hydrogen content in the steel, protects the furnace lining, and shortens the refining period and smelting time; the direct reduced iron has a uniform and stable composition, moderate lumps, and can be continuously fed.

Adding alloy concentrates and direct reduction alloying are very beneficial to reduce the cost of alloy materials. However, due to various factors such as concentrate grade, recovery rate, harmful elements, slag amount, etc., the current use of alloy concentrates in electric furnaces is still not mature. As technology advances, this technology will have a profound impact on cost reduction.

Reasonable recycling of scrap steel slag can effectively use the metal and heat energy in it. Hani Tech Company uses a variety of methods to recover the iron-containing materials in the steel slag, and at the same time returns the refined slag to the primary smelting furnace during production, making full use of the high basicity slag material and heat energy in the refined slag. Electric furnace dephosphorization plan.

Reducing production costs is a systematic work, including management and technical aspects, but with the refinement of management and technological progress, I believe that there is still room for reduction in the cost of electric furnace steel.

Through repeated research and comparison of various direct reduction technologies at home and abroad, the world's leading new type of direct reduction electric furnace steelmaking short-process equipment has been developed. The specific feature of this equipment is that it uses powdered ore and coal to be mixed in proportion to make pellets. After drying, it is placed in equipment with the functions of continuous feeding, continuous preheating, continuous melting, and continuous smelting. It is heated to 1250～1350℃ with pulverized coal (or gas) to achieve rapid reduction and production of metalized pellets, which are discharged Afterwards, it is directly hot-charged and continuously added to the electric furnace for smelting to produce high-quality molten iron. This method has high efficiency and low unit investment, which has become a leap in iron and steel metallurgy technology.

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