Electric Arc Furnace: The Electric Arc Furnace Graphite Electrode Production Process

2022年12月14日星期三

The Electric Arc Furnace Graphite Electrode Production Process

The Graphite Electrode Production Process Includes the Following Steps:

1- Shredding and mixing 2- Primary shaping 3- Primary curing 4- Impregnating 5- Secondary curing and graphitizing 6- Machining

1- Grinding and mixing: metallurgical coke or petroleum coke grains are crushed in a stone crusher to a very small extent (unspecified size), after this step, it is mixed with a coal bituminous liquid and pitch (pitch) and a special resin. are mixed to form a paste. The composition of this mixture and the size of the graphite grains are very important and have a direct relationship with the electrical resistance of graphite.

2- After the stage, a paste is injected into metal molds for forming, and then they are vibrated at the same time and at a high speed for compression.

3- In the initial cooking stage, the graphite rods are transferred into an autoclave so that the injected liquid evaporates and the so-called electrode dries. In this step, the electrodes are dried vertically along with the mold.

4- According to the definition, in the impregnating process, a liquid containing antioxidants, which is prepared with nanotechnology, is injected into the electrode to oxidize the electrode under the strong influence of the highly oxidized substance, ozone. This material is formed under the influence of the electric arc and from the proximity of the oxygens in the electric field resulting from the arc.

5- At this stage, the secondary baking of the electrodes with a gentle thermal gradient started to heat up to 3000 degrees Celsius in resistance furnaces with a neutral atmosphere and without the presence of oxygen and other oxidizing gases until gradually these cokes of the raw material, which in terms of Amorphous structures are transformed into graphite with a hexagonal layered structure. This process is time-consuming and long.

6- After the baking and cooling stage, the electrodes are sent for machining. In this process, the end of each electrode is machined and threaded. In this place, parts called nipples or brains are closed, and the electrodes are connected to each other in series.

The primary material for making needle electrodes is a coke and its production is only monopolized by a few companies. Its production method is based on baking and annealing metallurgical coke or petroleum coke with a gentle thermal gradient. According to some producers, this process takes a lot of time to turn metallurgical coke or petroleum coke suitable for production into graphite electrodes.

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